fig13

Figure 13. (A) Schematic illustration of oxygen vacancies in Ce_0.2Sn_0.8O_2-σ and its protective effect on an LRMO material^[159]. (B) HAADF image near the surface (i) and the EDS mapping of Mn and Nb (ii) of the LRMO particle by Nb surface doping^[170]. (C) Schematic of gas-solid interface reaction between Li-rich layered oxides and carbon dioxide^[173]. (D) Optimized structure of BO₄^5--doped LRMO (left), in which B atoms occupy the tetrahedral interstitial sites. The simulated local structure (right) around the boracic polyanion, showing that the M-O bonds are lengthened due to the strong B-O bond^[182]. (E) Schematic illustration of Li-rich layered material with composited LiMn₆ and SbNi₆ superstructures^[186]. (F) (i) Length of TM-O (Cl) bonds of Li_1.2Mn_0.53Ni_0.27O₂ (LMNO) and Li_1.2Mn_0.53Ni_0.27O_1.976Cl_0.024 (LMNOC), (ii) energy barriers of TM migrating from the TM layer to the Li layer and (iii) operando differential electrochemical mass spectrometry curves of O₂ for LMNO and LMNOC^[187]. LRMO: Lithium-rich manganese-based layered oxide; HAADF: high-angle annular dark-field.