fig16
Figure 16. Schematic and numerical simulation diagrams of concentration cells based on 2D membranes with opposite charges in series. (A) Schematic diagram of concentration cell based on oppositely charged GO membranes. Concentration cell supplying power to (B) an electronic calculator and (C) a light-emitting diode. Figures reproduced with permission from Ji et al.[50] (Copyright © 2017 Wiley). (D) Schematic diagram of concentration cell based on oppositely charged MXene membranes. (E) Concentration cell based on multiple MXene membranes with opposite charges in series (RW is river water and SW is seawater). (F) Numerical simulation of ion concentration distribution of cations (Cp) and anions (Cn) in nanofluidic channels with different pore sizes. Figures reproduced with permission from Ding et al.[49] (Copyright © 2020 Wiley).
