fig15

Figure 15. SEM images of porous Sn structure (A) before and (B) after lithiation/delithiation process for first cycling. Reproduced with permission^[157] (Copyright 2015, Springer). (C) Charge/discharge profiles of porous Sn anode during the first three cycles. (D) Cycling performance of Sn samples. (E) Cross-sectional SEM images of the as-prepared sample and after 100 cycles of porous Sn anode. Reproduced with permission^[158] (Copyright 2019, John Wiley & Sons Ltd.). (F) SEM images of porous Sn. (G) Cycling performance of porous Sn. (H) Pristine sample. (I) Electrode recovered after one electrochemical cycle at 1.2 V. (j) Fully lithiated sample at 70 mV. (H), (I) and (J) show the magnified subsurface renderings of the highlighted areas in panels (K), (L), and (M), respectively. Reproduced with permission^[159] (Copyright 2016, American Chemical Society).