REFERENCES
2. Pender JP, Jha G, Youn DH, et al. Electrode degradation in lithium-ion batteries. ACS Nano 2020;14:1243-95.
3. Mukhopadhyay A, Sheldon BW. Deformation and stress in electrode materials for Li-ion batteries. Prog Mater Sci 2014;63:58-116.
5. Yin YX, Xin S, Guo YG, Wan LJ. Lithium-sulfur batteries: electrochemistry, materials, and prospects. Angew Chem Int Ed 2013;52:13186-200.
6. Zhao M, Li BQ, Zhang XQ, Huang JQ, Zhang Q. A perspective toward practical lithium-sulfur batteries. ACS Cent Sci 2020;6:1095-104.
7. Guo W, Wang DY, Chen Q, Fu Y. Advances of organosulfur materials for rechargeable metal batteries. Adv Sci 2022;9:e2103989.
8. Feng N, He P, Zhou H. Critical challenges in rechargeable aprotic Li-O2 batteries. Adv Energy Mater 2016;6:1502303.
9. Shu C, Wang J, Long J, Liu HK, Dou SX. Understanding the reaction chemistry during charging in aprotic lithium-oxygen batteries: existing problems and solutions. Adv Mater 2019;31:e1804587.
10. Chen Y, Wang T, Tian H, Su D, Zhang Q, Wang G. Advances in lithium-sulfur batteries: from academic research to commercial viability. Adv Mater 2021;33:e2003666.
11. Hong X, Liu Y, Fu J, et al. A wheat flour derived hierarchical porous carbon/graphitic carbon nitride composite for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. Carbon 2020;170:119-26.
12. Li Y, Zeng Y, Chen Y, Luan D, Gao S, Lou XWD. Mesoporous N-rich carbon with single-Ni atoms as a multifunctional sulfur host for Li-S batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed 2022;61:e202212680.
13. Lian J, Guo W, Fu Y. Isomeric organodithiol additives for improving interfacial chemistry in rechargeable Li-S batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2021;143:11063-71.
14. Guo W, Zhang W, Si Y, Wang D, Fu Y, Manthiram A. Artificial dual solid-electrolyte interfaces based on in situ organothiol transformation in lithium sulfur battery. Nat Commun 2021;12:3031.
15. He J, Bhargav A, Manthiram A. Three-dimensional Fe3O4/N-graphene sponge as an efficient organosulfide host for high-performance lithium-organosulfur batteries. Energy Stor Mater 2019;23:88-94.
16. Sang P, Song J, Guo W, Fu Y. Hyperbranched organosulfur polymer cathode materials for Li-S battery. Chem Eng J 2021;415:129043.
17. Yang Z, Wang F, Hu Z, et al. Room-temperature all-solid-state lithium-organic batteries based on sulfide electrolytes and organodisulfide cathodes. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2102962.
18. Ma S, Yao H, Li Z, Liu Q. Tuning the nucleation and decomposition of Li2O2 by fluorine-doped carbon vesicles towards high performance Li-O2 batteries. J Energy Chem 2022;70:614-22.
19. Zhang W, Tang S, Chen Z, et al. The controllable construction of nanochannel in two-dimensional lamellar film for efficient oxygen reduction reaction and lithium-oxygen batteries. Chem Eng J 2022;430:132489.
20. Sun Z, Cao X, Tian M, et al. Synergized multimetal oxides with amorphous/crystalline heterostructure as efficient electrocatalysts for lithium-oxygen batteries. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2100110.
21. Ji X, Evers S, Lee KT, Nazar LF. Agitation induced loading of sulfur into carbon CMK-3 nanotubes: efficient scavenging of noble metals from aqueous solution. Chem Commun 2010;46:1658-60.
22. Chung SH, Manthiram A. Current status and future prospects of metal-sulfur batteries. Adv Mater 2019;31:e1901125.
23. Seh ZW, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Cui Y. Designing high-energy lithium-sulfur batteries. Chem Soc Rev 2016;45:5605-34.
24. Zhang L, Wang Y, Niu Z, Chen J. Advanced nanostructured carbon-based materials for rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries. Carbon 2019;141:400-16.
25. Hu Q, Dong H, Wang B, et al. Constructing coral-like hierarchical porous carbon architectures with tailored pore size distribution as sulfur hosts for durable Li-S batteries. Electrochim Acta 2021;377:138063.
26. Zhang Y, Li G, Wang J, et al. “Sauna” activation toward intrinsic lattice deficiency in carbon nanotube microspheres for high-energy and long-lasting lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2100497.
27. Shi K, Lin Y, Li J, Xiong Z, Liao J, Liu Q. Carbon-based cathode host derived from crosslinked porous polyimides for lithium-sulfur batteries and their electrochemical properties. Int J Hydrog Energy 2022;47:21662-72.
28. Liu Y, Guo H, Zhang B, et al. Sustainable synthesis of N-doped hollow porous carbon spheres via a spray-drying method for lithium-sulfur storage with ultralong cycle life. Batteries Supercaps 2020;3:1201-8.
29. Yang Z, Jia D, Zhao Q, et al. Multichalcogen-integrated cathodes for novel lithium-chalcogenide batteries in ether and ester electrolytes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022;14:32112-23.
30. Zhou L, Danilov DL, Eichel R, Notten PHL. Host materials anchoring polysulfides in Li-S batteries reviewed. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2001304.
31. Lin Y, Li J, Xiong Z, Shi K, Liu Q. Carbon-based conductive frameworks and metal catalytic sites derived from cross-linked porous porphyrin-based polyimides for enhanced conversion of lithium polysulfides in Li-S batteries. ACS Appl Energy Mater 2021;4:14497-507.
32. Su L, Zhang J, Chen Y, et al. Cobalt-embedded hierarchically-porous hollow carbon microspheres as multifunctional confined reactors for high-loading Li-S batteries. Nano Energy 2021;85:105981.
33. Zhang B, Wang L, Wang B, et al. Petroleum coke derived porous carbon/NiCoP with efficient reviving catalytic and adsorptive activity as sulfur host for high performance lithium - sulfur batteries. Nano Res 2022;15:4058-67.
34. Li W, Jin X, Xiao L, et al. Enhancing polysulfide confinement and conversion in meso-/microporous core-shelled MoC/NC microspheres for lithium-sulfur batteries. J Mater Chem A 2021;9:26051-60.
35. Kang X, Dong Y, Guan H, Al-Tahan MA, Zhang J. Manipulating the electrocatalytic activity of sulfur cathode via distinct cobalt sulfides as sulfur host materials in lithium-sulfur batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022;622:515-25.
36. Wang YP, Li ZS, Cao XR, Wu SQ, Zhu ZZ. Monolayer MSi2P4 (M = V, Nb, and Ta) as highly efficient sulfur host materials for lithium-sulfur batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022;14:27833-41.
37. Wei Z, Ren Y, Sokolowski J, Zhu X, Wu G. Mechanistic understanding of the role separators playing in advanced lithium-sulfur batteries. InfoMat 2020;2:483-508.
38. Wu N, Wang J, Liao C, et al. A flame retardant separator modified by MOFs-derived hybrid for safe and efficient Li-S batteries. J Energy Chem 2022;64:372-84.
39. Wang M, Han S, Chao Z, et al. Celgard-supported LiX zeolite membrane as ion-permselective separator in lithium sulfur battery. J Membr Sci 2020;611:118386.
40. Wang Y, Zhu L, Wang J, Zhang Z, Yu J, Yang Z. Enhanced chemisorption and catalytic conversion of polysulfides via CoFe@NC nanocubes modified separator for superior Li-S batteries. Chem Eng J 2022;433:133792.
41. Yu X, Wu H, Koo JH, Manthiram A. Tailoring the pore size of a polypropylene separator with a polymer having intrinsic nanoporosity for suppressing the polysulfide shuttle in lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv Energy Mater 2019;10:1902872.
42. Peng J, Zhu J, Wang Y, Xu M, Jiang J. Thermotolerant and Li2Sn-trapped/converted separators enabled by NiFe2O4 quantum
43. Tan L, Li X, Wang Z, Guo H, Wang J. Lightweight reduced graphene Oxide@MoS2 interlayer as polysulfide barrier for high-performance lithium-sulfur batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018;10:3707-13.
44. Hu Q, Lu J, Yang C, et al. Promoting reversible redox kinetics by separator architectures based on CoS2/HPGC interlayer as efficient polysulfide-trapping shield for Li-S batteries. Small 2020;16:e2002046.
45. Kim S, Shirvani-Arani S, Choi S, Cho M, Lee Y. Strongly anchoring polysulfides by hierarchical Fe3O4/C3N4 nanostructures for advanced lithium-sulfur batteries. Nanomicro Lett 2020;12:139.
46. Lee BJ, Zhao C, Yu JH, et al. Development of high-energy non-aqueous lithium-sulfur batteries via redox-active interlayer strategy. Nat Commun 2022;13:4629.
47. Cao R, Xu W, Lv D, Xiao J, Zhang J. Anodes for rechargeable lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv Energy Mater 2015;5:1402273.
48. Sun J, Zhang K, Fu Y, Guo W. Benzoselenol as an organic electrolyte additive in Li-S battery. Nano Res 2023;16:3814-22.
49. Wang D, Wang W, Li F, Li X, Guo W, Fu Y. Nitrogen-rich azoles as trifunctional electrolyte additives for high-performance lithium-sulfur battery. J Energy Chem 2022;71:572-9.
50. Jiang C, Li L, Jia Q, et al. In situ synthesis of organopolysulfides enabling spatial and kinetic co-mediation of sulfur chemistry. ACS Nano 2022;16:9163-71.
51. Zhao M, Chen X, Li XY, Li BQ, Huang JQ. An organodiselenide comediator to facilitate sulfur redox kinetics in lithium-sulfur batteries. Adv Mater 2021;33:e2007298.
52. Wang DY, Guo W, Fu Y. Organosulfides: an emerging class of cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries. ACC Chem Res 2019;52:2290-300.
53. Visco SJ, Dejonghe LC. Ionic conductivity of organosulfur melts for advanced storage electrodes. J Electrochem Soc 1988;135:2905-9.
54. Chen Q, Li L, Wang W, Li X, Guo W, Fu Y. Thiuram monosulfide with ultrahigh redox activity triggered by electrochemical oxidation. J Am Chem Soc 2022;144:18918-26.
55. Pan Q, Lan J, Si Y, Guo W, Fu Y. A fluorinated macrocyclic organodisulfide cathode for lithium organic batteries. Chem Commun 2022;58:5602-5.
56. Fan Q, Guo W, Si Y, Wang X, Wang B, Fu Y. Inorganic mediator toward organosulfide active material: anchoring and electrocatalysis. Adv Funct Mater 2021;31:2001493.
57. Lv X, Guo W, Song J, Fu Y. Dynamic 1T-2H mixed-phase MoS2 enables high-performance Li-organosulfide battery. Small 2022;18:e2105071.
58. Wang Z, Li X, Guo W, Fu Y. Anion intercalation of VS4 triggers atomic sulfur transfer to organic disulfide in rechargeable lithium battery. Adv Funct Mater 2021;31:2009875.
59. Sang P, Si Y, Fu Y. Polyphenyl polysulfide: a new polymer cathode material for Li-S batteries. Chem Commun 2019;55:4857-60.
60. Chung WJ, Griebel JJ, Kim ET, et al. The use of elemental sulfur as an alternative feedstock for polymeric materials. Nat Chem 2013;5:518-24.
61. Bhargav A, Chang CH, Fu Y, Manthiram A. Rationally designed high-sulfur-content polymeric cathode material for lithium-sulfur batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019;11:6136-42.
62. Zhou J, Zhou X, Sun Y, Shen X, Qian T, Yan C. Insight into the reaction mechanism of sulfur chains adjustable polymer cathode for high-loading lithium-organosulfur batteries. J Energy Chem 2021;56:238-44.
63. Zhang X, Hu G, Chen K, et al. Structure-related electrochemical behavior of sulfur-rich polymer cathode with solid-solid conversion in lithium-sulfur batteries. Energy Stor Mater 2022;45:1144-52.
64. Kim JG, Son B, Mukherjee S, et al. A review of lithium and non-lithium based solid state batteries. J Power Sources 2015;282:299-322.
65. Manthiram A, Yu X, Wang S. Lithium battery chemistries enabled by solid-state electrolytes. Nat Rev Mater 2017;2:16103.
66. Wang B, Jin Y, Si Y, Guo W, Fu Y. Garnet solid-state electrolyte with benzenedithiolate catholyte for rechargeable lithium batteries. Chem Commun 2022;58:3657-60.
67. Ji W, Zhang X, Zheng D, Huang H, Lambert TH, Qu D. Practically accessible all-solid-state batteries enabled by organosulfide cathodes and sulfide electrolytes. Adv Funct Mater 2022;32:2202919.
68. Song J, Si Y, Guo W, Wang D, Fu Y. Organosulfide-based deep eutectic electrolyte for lithium batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed 2021;60:9881-5.
69. Wang B, Guo W, Fu Y. High-performance garnet solid-state battery enabled by improved interfaces. J Power Sources 2022;542:231798.
70. Dou Y, Xie Z, Wei Y, Peng Z, Zhou Z. Redox mediators for high-performance lithium-oxygen batteries. Natl Sci Rev 2022;9:nwac040.
71. Shen X, Liu H, Cheng X, Yan C, Huang J. Beyond lithium ion batteries: higher energy density battery systems based on lithium metal anodes. Energy Stor Mater 2018;12:161-75.
72. Lu Y, Gallant BM, Kwabi DG, et al. Lithium-oxygen batteries: bridging mechanistic understanding and battery performance. Energy Environ Sci 2013;6:750-68.
73. Zhang H, Eshetu GG, Judez X, Li C, Rodriguez-Martínez LM, Armand M. Electrolyte additives for lithium metal anodes and rechargeable lithium metal batteries: progress and perspectives. Angew Chem Int Ed 2018;57:15002-27.
74. Chen K, Yang D, Wang J, Huang G, Zhang X. Overcharge to remove cathode passivation layer for reviving failed Li-O2 batteries. CCS Chem 2023;5:641-53.
75. Huang H, Cheng C, Zhang G, et al. Surface phosphatization for a sawdust-derived carbon catalyst as kinetics promoter and corrosion preventer in lithium-oxygen batteries. Adv Funct Mater 2022;32:2111546.
76. Qian Z, Guo R, Ma Y, et al. Se-doped carbon as highly stable cathode material for high energy nonaqueous Li-O2 batteries. Chem Eng Sci 2020;214:115413.
77. Lv Q, Zhu Z, Ni Y, Geng J, Li F. Spin-state manipulation of two-dimensional metal-organic framework with enhanced metal-oxygen covalency for lithium-oxygen batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed 2022;61:e202114293.
78. Lv Q, Zhu Z, Ni Y, et al. Atomic ruthenium-riveted metal-organic framework with tunable d-band modulates oxygen redox for lithium-oxygen batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2022;144:23239-46.
79. Li N, Chang Z, Zhong M, et al. Functionalizing MOF with redox-active tetrazine moiety for improving the performance as cathode of Li-O2 batteries. CCS Chem 2021;3:1297-305.
80. Jung WB, Park H, Jang JS, et al. Polyelemental nanoparticles as catalysts for a Li-O2 battery. ACS Nano 2021;15:4235-44.
81. Li D, Liang J, Robertson SJ, et al. Heterogeneous bimetallic organic coordination polymer-derived Co/Fe@NC bifunctional catalysts for rechargeable Li-O2 batteries. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022;14:5459-67.
82. Ren L, Zheng R, Du D, et al. Optimized orbital occupancy of transition metal in spinel Ni-Co oxides with heteroatom doping for Aprotic Li-O2 battery. Chem Eng J 2022;430:132977.
83. Hu C, Paul R, Dai Q, Dai L. Carbon-based metal-free electrocatalysts: from oxygen reduction to multifunctional electrocatalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2021;50:11785-843.
84. Zheng X, Wu J, Cao X, et al. N-, P-, and S-doped graphene-like carbon catalysts derived from onium salts with enhanced oxygen chemisorption for Zn-air battery cathodes. Appl Catal B Environ 2019;241:442-51.
85. Yi X, Liu X, Dou R, Wen Z, Zhou W. Understanding the catalytic activity of the preferred nitrogen configuration on the carbon nanotube surface and its implications for Li-O2 batteries. J Phys Chem C 2021;125:22570-80.
86. Zhou J, Lian J, Hou L, et al. Ultrahigh volumetric capacitance and cyclic stability of fluorine and nitrogen co-doped carbon microspheres. Nat Commun 2015;6:8503.
87. Wang T, Zang X, Wang X, Gu X, Shao Q, Cao N. Recent advances in fluorine-doped/fluorinated carbon-based materials for supercapacitors. Energy Stor Mater 2020;30:367-84.
88. Li Z, Gao R, Feng M, et al. Modulating metal-organic frameworks as advanced oxygen electrocatalysts. Adv Energy Mater 2021;11:2003291.
89. Shen G, Zhang R, Pan L, et al. Regulating the spin state of FeIII by atomically anchoring on ultrathin titanium dioxide for efficient oxygen evolution electrocatalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed 2020;132:2333-7.
