fig5

Figure 5. (A) Schematic presentation of 3D printing process guided through the provided arrows; initially, a certain quantity of CaCl₂ is inserted into GO solution to formulate GO ink inheriting appropriate rheological characteristics. In the next step, GO ink is squeezed out through a robot-controlled nozzle to develop 3D structure. Finally, the as-developed microlattices were properly freeze-dried to achieve solid graphene oxide (GO) aerogel, which is further reduced by HI to receive neat microlattices of graphene-printed aerogel; (B) the stress-strain curve for GO-driven microlattice; (C) CV curves of 3DGC-1 at varied scan-rate values; (D) rate-performance comparison for 3DGCs with various thickness^[95]; (E) schematic presentation of 3D-printed graphene aerogel (denoted as GA) and graphene-mixed-dimensional hybrid aerogel (denoted as G-MDHA); in reported path 1, urea and GδL were mixed in the dilute GO suspension in order, accompanied by elevation of temperature to stimulate the gelation process assisted through controlled hydrolysis of urea during the evaporation of solvent (i and ii); subsequently the GO-driven ink was printed according to the designed architecture (iii); in the final step of path 1, the as-printed architecture was freeze-dried and chemically reduced to obtain graphene aerogel (iv and v). In route 2 of the same scheme, suspension based on multidimensional (e.g., 0D, 1D, and 2D) functional additives were added to the GO suspension, respectively, pursued by the identical treatment steps (i-v) adopted in step 1; finally extra annealing process (vi) was performed to develop G-MDHA^[85]; and (F) cycling stability of G-CNT printed composite electrode material at 0.10 mA cm^-2[91].